THE BASICS OF THE COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE

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The compression ignition engine[C.I engines] also known as the diesel engine is invented by Dr. Rodolph Diesel. The C.I engine is an internal combustion engine in which combustion occurs as a result of the compression of the air to a temperature sufficient enough to ignite the fuel.

There are several similarities and minor difference between the C.I engines and the gasoline powered engines(spark ignition engines,S.I engines). The components such as the crankshaft, camshaft, piston,valves etc they both share in common.  The same cycle of operation governs both for the four stroke and two stroke engine process. However the diesel engines can easily be recognized by the absence of the ignition system and other factors such as


  • Injection of fuel is done via an injection pump
  • They are noisy and produces pollutants easily
  • It produces more power and torque
Overtime, diesel engines have received massive success in the construction of heavy duty trucks,construction equipment ,power plants, buses etc. Majority of the diesel engines are constructed to obey the four stroke engine process. Note its slightly different from four stroke Otto engine process.

The cycle of operation that governs four stroke Otto cycle are same to that of compression ignition engine(ie, intake,compression,power and exhaust) but they operates differently.


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For the C.I engines the intake stroke sucks air into the combustion chamber, aftermath, the compression stroke compresses the air towards TDC to a small fraction of its initial volume and thereby increasing its temperature. During the compression stroke, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber via the injector, thereby causing the high temperature air to burn rapidly hence torque produced.
NB: Diesel engines uses injection pumps or injectors because its facilitates the atomization of fuel as compared to carburetor

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