THE FUNDAMENTALS OF THE TWO STROKE CYCLE ENGINE

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There are uncertainty about the longevity of the two stroke cycle engine as compared to other cycle of operation.Knowledge of Its importance and principles of operation will help justify the strength of the two stroke cycle engine as compared to others. 

 Internal combustion engine dated back to 1876 when Dr. Nicolaus A. Otto first invented the spark ignition engine[petrol], then Rudolf Christain Karl Diesel developed the compression ignition engine[Diesel]. Since then engines have continue to develop with new technologies as well as increase in the knowledge of engine process.

The purpose of the internal combustion engine is the production of mechanical power from chemical energy contained in fuel. The energy is released by burning the fuel inside the engine.
 According to the cycle of operation,engines are classified as the two stroke cycle,four stroke cycle six stroke cycle and the rotary combustion.

The rise in global technology which increased the demand of new type of engine,caused many to think that the two stroke engine will become obsolete in the nearest future.

The two stroke cycle engine is a type of internal combustion engine(I.C.E) that was developed to obtain high power output from a simple engine size and valve design via the movement of the piston during one crankshaft revolution. It works in spark ignition and combustion ignition engine.

The general principle in which engines operate is based on
  • Induction
  • Compression 
  • Power or expansion 
  • Exhaust
However the two stroke cycle engine uses port(inlet port, transfer port and exhaust port) instead of valve to carryout the induction and exhaust operations. In every 360° rev, one cycle is completed i.e in every 180° rev, two strokes(exhaust and induction) followed by the compression  and power stroke to complete the cycle.


In the two stroke cycle the charge is introduced through the inlet port from the carburetor into the crankcase to generate partial pressure on the charge, when the piston is at TDC . The downward movement of the piston causes the partially compressed charge to move into the cylinder through the transfer port. The compression stroke follows immediately to ignite the charge when the piston moves upward thereafter the power stroke causing the exhaust port to open for scavenging.
  • For the same size of flywheel the two stroke cycle engine runs smoother.
  • Theoretically the two stroke produces double the useful power to that of a four stroke engine with the same cylinder capacity
  •  lubrication of oil and fuel mixture can be done with the ratio of 1:16 and 1:24
  • Less maintenance
Though they are not used for automobile due to mixed oil and fuel, over heating under heavy driving conditions and other factors but they are as important as the four stroke engine.

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