FUEL SYSTEM EXPLAINED

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THE FUEL SYSTEM

The fuel system in an automobile,  is the components needed to transport fuel into and out of the engine.
The major components of the fuel system of a petrol engine are

  • Fuel tank
  • Connecting lines
  • Fuel pump
  • Fuel filter
  • Air filter
  • Fuel metering and atomization
  • Carburetor

FUEL TANK
   The fuel tank is made of sheet metals with welded seams or of a reinforced plastic material. It serves as the petrol reservoir,  A filter rock cap allows fuels to be added.

CONNECTING LINE
   Its a Small diameter tubing and synthetic rubber hoses connecting the fuel tank to the fuel pump. The synthetic rubber hose are used where vibration might crack or break metal line.

FUEL PUMP
    The fuel metering and atomization system is located higher in the automobile than the fuel tank. An electrical or mechanical pump is used to draw the fuel from the tank and deliver to the carburetor or fuel injection system.
Fuel pump fig 1.1



FUEL FILTER
    Moisture and contaminant, particles of rust from fuel tank can clog fuel lines and small passages in the fuel metering and atomization system. The fuel filter helps  filtration of the fuel before being transfered into the carburetor or injector.

AIR FILTER
 Air contains dust and dirt particles and other contaminant. To prevent contaminants from entering the engine with air-fuel mixture,  an air after is installed.
fig1.2



FUEL METERING AND ATOMIZATION SYSTEM
   The fuel system should provide the correct air-fuel mixtures to operate at a high efficiency at varying speed and load. This mixture is expressed as the number of the part of air to the gasoline. At sea level the chemical correct mixture ratio is 14:7:1 hat s 14:1 of air to  1 part of petrol measured by weight.


CARBURETOR
  The carburetor is a vacuum operated device that supplies a fine spray of gasoline into the  incoming air stream. The amount of gasoline drown in the vacuum is proportional to the amount of air drown through the barrel of the carburetor.



Fig 1.3




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